Planting, growing, harvesting
Farming is the process of planting, growing, and harvesting the plants that crop for one year. Wheat, barley, tomato, and carrot are from farming plants. Farming is against gardening in which the objective is planting and growing trees.
Generally, farming plants can be categorized based on botany and evolutionary features, the production and consumption objective, the longevity of the plant, conditional requiring and growing desired conditions, farming operation, etc. Due to having different features and production being multi-objective, the farming products can be placed in two or more different groups
Introduction of hydroponic cultivate system
The hydroponic method is a kind of cultivation without soil. This method is called irrigation farming because the product growth is by water. In irrigation farming, the usage of the water decreased significantly. Planting a plant in hydroponic is like that the water is used instead of soil under the root.
Advantages
•There is no need for plowing
•Decrease in water consumption
•Lack of soil and weed cause a simpler farming operation
Hydroponic cultivate system
The hydroponic system is the tools and facilitates that are used as a corresponding package to grow plants hydroponically. There are 6 methods for the hydroponic system:
•Wiki
•Aquaculture
•Flow and discharge
•Drops system
•Strip food technique (NFT)
•Air cultivation
Wiki system
Wiki system is the simplest type of hydroponic system. This system is passive and has no moving parts. The nutrient solution is welded to the growing area of the reservoir. For the simple system, a free application is available. This system can use various kinds of the cultivation area. Perlite, vermiculite, protein mixture, and coconut fiber are some of the most popular. The biggest benefit of this system is that the big plants grow and use a huge amount of water. So, nutrition is provided for them.
Aquaculture System
The aquaculture system is the simplest active hydroponic cultivation. The plant maintenance platform is created from Polystyrene and is directly floating in the nutrient solution. The air pump is guided to the air stone and it crosses the blob nutrient solution, and the oxygen is transformed to the plant's root. Aquaculture is a system for growing the big Lettuce. This kind of hydroponic system is ideal. A few plants such as Lettuce grow well in this system.
The biggest problem with this system is that it is not useful for big plants and long-term cultivation.
Flow and discharge system (Aqua and flow)
Aqua and flow system temporarily works with the nutrient solution and then is returned to the reservoir. This is done by a floating pump connected to a timer. When the pump timer is turned on in nutrient solution, the solution returns to the pumping tray. When the timer is turned off, the nutrient solution is transformed into a reservoir.
The timer is adjusted several times a day which is useful depending on the size and type of the plant, heat, moisture, and cultivation area type. Aqua and flow is a versatile system that can be used with different types of growing environments. The growing tray can be filled with growth rock, sand, or Rockwell.
Drops system
Drops systems are the most common types of hydroponic systems which are widely used all over the world. Its activity is simple and the timer and floating pump control it. The timer turns on the pump. The nutrient solution is discharged on the root of each plant with a small dropper. In the drop recovering system, the extra nutrient solution is collected to reuse. The none recovery system needs an exact timer to adjust the watering cycles and makes sure that all of the plants received nutrition. In this system water flow reaches its minimum amoun
Navar food technique (NFT)
This type of hydroponic system is what people think of about hydroponic. NFT systems are a constant flow of nutrition in which no timer is needed for a floating pump. The nutrient solution is pumped to the growing tray and flows into the plants' roots. Then it is discharged into the reservoir. Usually, no growing area is used except the air which saves the cost of cultivation environment replacing.
Airoponic system (Air cultivation)
Aeroponic or air cultivation is an indoor gardening method in which plants are growing while their roots are suspended in the air. They are fed by frequent spraying of water containing mineral soluble materials and chemical fertilizers. The soil in the air cultivation is not used; because the plants' roots are permanently or frequently exposed to nutrition materials and can resume their growth.
Types of airoponic methods:
•Low-pressure airoponics (LPA)
•High-Pressure airoponics (HPA)
Low-pressure airoponics (LPA)
•In this method, gardeners can design and establish their LPA system at a low cost. Most of these systems are wetting plants' roots 24/7. Anyway, this method is not as useful as high-Pressure airoponics in which a thin fog with small particles is created.
High-Pressure airoponics (HPA)
This method is developed by NASA. NASA has reported that this method is the best way to grow plants in space. Many research proved the advantages of High-Pressure airoponics (HPA) on the earth. All HPA systems are airoponic, but all airoponic cultivations are not HPA. HPA system should work with high pressure to be useful. This pressure is used for water atomizing and creating drops in the dimension of 50 microns or lower. The plants intended to absorb the food from the water. As mentioned, a high-pressure system is more useful, and even though it needs more specific facilities, it decreases the effective costs.
